Growth & Devpt - During age 12-18 mo

Growth & Devpt - During age 12-18 mo

Physical development.

Growth rate slows - appetite declines

Exaggerated lumbar lordosis makes the abdomen protrude.

Brain growth continues, - myelinization continues throughout the 2nd yr

Walk with out support -some do not walk until 15 mo.

Wide-based gait, knees bent, and arms flexed at the elbow

Feet are flat.

While walking child can stop, turn, and bend.

Cognitive development.

Build blocks or putting things into bottle.

Uses comb for hair, cup for drinking.

Emotional development.

May be irritable.

Child walks around parents, moving away, looking back, moving farther, and then returning.

In unfamiliar surroundings-, such orbits might be small

In familiar ones- walks out of sight

Attachment = parents leave the child in an unfamiliar playroom, stops playing, cry, and try to follow.

Response of the child on the parents' return -  Emotionally mature child goes to parent to be picked up, comforted and returns to play. If not mature resist being comforted and hit at their parents in anger.

Linguistic development.

Listens first then starts talking. By 12 mo, respond to simple statements such as "no," "bye-bye," and "give me."

By 15 mo, points to major body parts

uses four to six words correctly, Toddlers likes jargoning

Clinical Importance

Parents remember when child began to walk, -walking is an act of independence.

Difficulty of supervision and the risks of injury – chance of accidents high.

Development at each age

15 Mo

Motor:              Walks alone

                        Crawls up stairs

Adaptive:          Makes tower of 3 cubes

                        Makes a line with crayon

                        Inserts pellet in bottle

Language:         Jargon

                        follows simple commands

                        may name a familiar object (ball)

Social:              Indicates some desires or needs by pointing

                        hugs parents

18 Mo

Motor:              Runs

                        Sits on small chair

                        Walks up stairs with one hand held

                        Explores drawers and wastebaskets

Adaptive:          Makes a tower of 4 cubes

                        Imitates writing

                        Imitates vertical stroke

                        Inverts bottle and brings put contents

Language:         10 words

                        Names pictures

                        Identifies parts of body

Social:              Feeds self

                        Seeks help when in trouble

                        May complain when wet or soiled

                        Kisses parent

Growth & Devpt - During age 18 - 24 mo

Physical development.

improvement in balance
Better running and climbing stair
Height and weight increase
head growth slows

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT.

Object permanence is established; He looks for where an object may have been moved to even though the object was not visible
Cause and effect are better understood,
use a stick to obtain a toy out of reach , how to wind a mechanical toy.
Imitation - a doll is "fed" from an empty plate.

EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT.

Parents cannot go anywhere without the child.
Separations at bedtime is difficult
looking in a mirror will, reach for their own face not mirror image
recognize when toys are broken

LINGUISTIC DEVELOPMENT.

point at things with index finger
10-15 words at 18 mo
100 or more at 2 yr. After
combine words to make simple sentences

Clinical importance

delayed language acquisition - Language development is facilitated when parents and caregivers use clear, simple sentences, ask questions, and respond to children's incomplete sentences with the appropriate words.
Reading picture books helps language development.

Development at each age

            24 Mo
Motor:              Runs well
                        walks up and down stairs, one step at a time
                        opens doors
                        climbs on furniture
                        jumps
Adaptive:          Tower of 7 cubes (6 at 21 mo
                        Tries to draw circle
                        imitates horizontal stroke
                        folds paper once
Language:         Meaningful sentence with 3 words
Social:              Handles spoon well
                        tells immediate experiences
                        helps to undress
                        listens to stories with pictures