DIPLOMA IN CHILD HEALTH EXAMINATION ……………………….         2010

Paper – I Applied Basic Medical Sciences in Pediatrics

Time : 3 Hours                                                                                                                   Maximum Marks : 100

Answer ALL questions

1. Enumerate the Diagnostic approach to short stature                      (20 Marks)
2.                                                                                                                                                 (10x8=80 marks)

1. Exudative pleural effusion

2. tachyarrythmia

3. management of severe dehydration in acute diarrheal disorder

4.partially treated pyogenic meningitis

5. how will you evaluate  headache in a 12 year old child.

6. list the events in pathogenesis of diabetic ketoacidosis

7. Etiology and clinical features of voiding dysfunction in children

8. Evaluation and diagnosis of appendicitis in children

DIPLOMA IN CHILD HEALTH EXAMINATION ……………………….         2010

Paper – I Applied Basic Medical Sciences in Pediatrics

Time : 3 Hours                                                                                                                   Maximum Marks : 100

Answer ALL questions

1. Evaluation of hearing impairment in children                    (20 Marks)
2.                                                                                                                                                 (10x8=80 marks)

1. Febrile seizures
2. Fulminant hepatic failure
3. Glasgow coma scale
4. Beta Thalassemia
5. Hepatitis E virus infection
6. Indications for and complications of renal biopsy
7. Intensive care unit management of acute severe asthma exacerbation in children
8. Pathophysiology and etiology of edema in children

DIPLOMA IN CHILD HEALTH EXAMINATION ……………………….         2010

Paper – I Applied Basic Medical Sciences in Pediatrics

Time : 3 Hours                                                                                                                   Maximum Marks : 100

Answer ALL questions

1. Diagnosis and managemnt of pyogenic meningitis in 3 year old child               (20 Marks)
2.                                                                                                                                                 (10x8=80 marks)

1. tension pneumothorax

2. Physiology of lactation

3. management of status epilepticus

4. Presentation, diagnosis, and clinical course of vesicoureteral reflux

5. Primary humoral immune deficiencies.

6. Pulmonary hypertension

7. Rapid diagnostic tests for tuberculosis

8. Renin-angiotensin system

TOC www.acepgmed.com 24-04-2012

Topic	URL
ACE PG Concept Bridge (CB) Management of Diarrhea Part 01C	http://youtu.be/B8N-2NwFskI
ACE PG Concept Bridge (CB) Management of Diarrhea Part 01B	http://youtu.be/UuiNpLtq_wA
ACE PG Concept Bridge (CB) Management of Diarrhea Part 01A	http://youtu.be/Pes5GoW65ws
ACE PG Concept Bridge (CB) Chest Radiography Interpretation 03	http://youtu.be/90S6Nu1XyCk
ACE PG Concept Bridge (CB) Chest Radiography Interpretation 02	http://youtu.be/5HVtPOs5vVM
ACE PG Concept Bridge (CB) Chest Radiography Interpretation 01	http://youtu.be/qtfeOhya4OA
ACE PG Concept Bridge (CB) Blood Supply brain	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lTvvFjjwusg
Applied anatomy Thorax-self-Learning module 03	http://youtu.be/ZlqTa35jPlw
Applied anatomy Thorax-self-Learning module 02	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwyfemYSbEU
Applied anatomy Thorax-self-Learning module 01	http://youtu.be/dawbxfYqOBg
Concept Bridge (CB) 004 Deep neck space infections 01	http://youtu.be/RuV9hF7I_Wg
ACE PG Concept Bridge (CB) 003	http://youtu.be/yn-F6oOKCEI
ACE Concept Bridge (CB) 002 Clinical Scenarios 02	http://youtu.be/PIpPAnatgQY
ACE PG Concept Bridge (CB) 001 Clinical Scenarios 01	http://youtu.be/oeHx7bsx2Rw
CB Series ECG Tutorial 06- Back to Basics	http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=bfwzp6YSzc8
CB Series ECG Tutorial 05- Back to Basics	http://youtu.be/TThLHRcn2FU
CB Series ECG Tutorial 04- Back to Basics	http://youtu.be/g-nca55xkKM
CBT Series  ECG Tutorial 03- Back to Basics	www.youtube.com/watch?v=CwAdkhgQ1oQ
CBT Series ECG Tutorial 02- Back to Basics	http://youtu.be/SujhpWZuwDc
CBT Series ECG Tutorial 01- Back to Basics.	http://youtu.be/kJ971Blm0Hg
CBT Cases 003 A case of Acdotic Breathing	http://youtu.be/SrMMfTaJATk
Ace PGMed  Change in Video Format	http://youtu.be/EPepfXYoTtM
Ace PGMed CPC clinico pathological corelationship case discussion 001	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8LNeIxrkZck
Acute appendicitis in children Part A (1 of 3 Parts)	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_AnS4pKb1Q&context=C3f1519aADOEgsToPDskIrILPCd3as-s4HXaKg3rlo
Acute appendicitis in children Part B (2 of 3 Parts)	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHrgKVUw2nU&context=C308261eADOEgsToPDskJBrAZ8QuxIExrEyT6RFZ4Y
Acute appendicitis in children Part C (2 of 3 Parts)	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ka_16ep6YpQ&context=C389fb93ADOEgsToPDskK96awhFtC6X2ruaMlyv0vu
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis 001	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQmTBxsrkZE
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis 002	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0oXhz5gAHYU
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis 003	http://youtu.be/KHG9t2wkouk
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis 004	http://youtu.be/xqqjqaDM90Y
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis 005	http://youtu.be/YedQI1hiLtc
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis 006	http://youtu.be/kd2VsGrC3zA
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis 007	http://youtu.be/UWBNerwRkEA
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis 008	http://youtu.be/AWlLBypiJOE
Giant A Wave	http://youtu.be/wjhO_69Rb2Q
Small for gestational age infant 001	http://youtu.be/hNDL9GWtta0
Small for gestational age infant 002	http://youtu.be/kZ70wpQNiJY
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis Pediatric ECG 001	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPXZiYp8uVM
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis Pediatric ECG 002	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WbPOcbHk6w
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis Pediatric ECG 003	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bU0G_RbF0c
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis Pediatric ECG 004	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-SsCeBNvbmI
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis Pediatric ECG 005	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e9ibwXLCL30
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis Pediatric ECG 006	http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NaH9NvqVKl4
ECG tutorial Basic principles of ECG analysis Pediatric ECG 007	http://youtu.be/ZJVPaWqfAXc
Cases 002  Two cases of Dyspnoea.	http://youtu.be/OlPr6Fp-Rjk
CBT Cases 001 A case of Sudden onset Dyspnea	http://youtu.be/w40fVzENHS8
Introduction and how to use Ace PG Med	http://youtu.be/cj2zWV2fp-E
PG Entrance Test Practice Session (PGET) 011	http://youtu.be/BxX8Fnk6pm4
PG Entrance Test Practice Session (PGET) 010	http://youtu.be/cIknJYcqTKM
PG Entrance Test Practice Session (PGET) 009	http://youtu.be/rang52TCuvQ
PG Entrance Test Practice Session (PGET) 008	http://youtu.be/ZYqK2COxosc
PG Entrance Test Practice Session (PGET) 007	http://youtu.be/3O173P9YtBY
PG Entrance Test Practice Session (PGET) 006	http://youtu.be/g68d5ENsT5g
ACE PG Med PG Entrance Test Practice Session (PGET) 005	http://youtu.be/0c37dYBvzW0
ACE PG Med PG Entrance Test Practice Session (PGET) 004	http://youtu.be/wWqpQKk5fsQ
ACE PG Med PG Entrance Test Practice Session (PGET) 003	http://youtu.be/upt7QMor1fU
PG Entrance Test Practice Session (PGET) 002	http://youtu.be/RVdCotBoPTU
PG Entrance Test Practice Session (PGET) 001	http://youtu.be/UGimEQdeCL4
PG Entrance Test Practice Session  001 Cardiology	http://youtu.be/iwo7h0xpE94
PG Entrance Test Practice Session 002 Cardiology	http://youtu.be/4LEEb2sKqUE
PG Entrance Test Practice Session 003 Cardiology	http://youtu.be/mCr8-z3hTmM
PG Entrance Test Practice Session 004 Cardiology	http://youtu.be/dTeSXoVZqKs
PG Entrance Test Practice Session 005 Cardiology	http://youtu.be/FrkAx6Jtm0M
PG Entrance Test Practice Session 006 Cardiology	http://youtu.be/hwa-jooIgZM
PG Entrance Test Practice Session 007 Cardiology	http://youtu.be/v3IcGDk1sR4
PG Entrance Test Practice Session Surgery 001	http://youtu.be/EzfVGSbQ1rU
PG Entrance Test Practice Session Surgery 002	http://youtu.be/QtZE8wJWYtA
PG Entrance Test Practice Session Surgery 003	http://youtu.be/qMHFUhO11Ew
PG Entrance Test Practice Session Surgery 004	http://youtu.be/4BxVzmt9i44
PG Entrance Test Practice Session Surgery 005	http://youtu.be/L09cpqJ4_9k
PG Entrance Test Practice Session Surgery 006	http://youtu.be/pvPwzpPQrV8

Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) (Pediatrics in Review Vol.32 No.11 November 2011, DOI: 10.1542/pir.32-11-502)

The clinical presentation of PBD often does not meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria for bipolar disorder (BD), which was developed in adults and not adapted for children. The diagnosis becomes difficult because symptom presentation is variable and largely dependent on developmental age. Although discrete episodes of mania and depression that define BD in adults may match the presentation of some patients who have BD in adolescence, patients who have BD of childhood and prepubertal onset may or may not manifest these clear-cut episodes. The duration of episodes in children may be as short as 1 to 2 days. Mood symptoms can be chronic, can present as predominantly mixed episodes, or can continuously cycle rapidly, with severe irritability or aggression as the usual presenting symptoms. Disruptive behavior, hyperarousal,racing thoughts, elation, and grandiosity also may characterize the moods. A major depressive presentation is associated with a significant risk for developing subsequent BD. Poor psychosocial skills as well as cognitive and attention deficits may manifest along with mood and behavior changes. The chronic relapsing mode of PBD may extend into early adulthood. Complicating the diagnosis of PBD is the high rate of comorbidity with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, conduct, substance abuse, and oppositional defiant disorders. Research has suggested that physical, sexual, and emotional childhood traumas that occur at a time of sensitivity of the maturing central nervous system may predispose to and modulate the clinical expression and course of the PBD

Update in Surfactant Therapy(NeoReviews 2011;12;e625-e634, DOI: 10.1542/neo.12-11-e625)

Evidence for Use of Exogenous Surfactant in Neonatal Lung Diseases Other Than RDS

Meconium Aspiration

Meconium inactivates components of surfactant, thereby reducing the effectiveness of endogenous surfactant. Airway obstruction, inflammation, protein leak, and retained fetal lung fluid all contribute to the pathogenesis of meconium aspiration syndrome

The potential advantages to providing exogenous surfactant therapy include restoration of alveolar surfactant with the potential for improved distribution owing to retained fetal lung fluid and alveolar edema fluid as discussed above. However, the clinical trials to date only demonstrate a reduction in the need for ECMO

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

CDH is characterized by pulmonary hypoplasia, poor lung compliance and likely altered numbers of alveolar type 1 and 2

epithelial cells.

In CDH lung as maldeveloped, rather than immature. The severe respiratory compromise associated with CDH is exacerbated by left ventricular and pulmonary arterial hypoplasia, arterial intimal remodeling, and pulmonary ypertension,

as well as altered alveolar epithelial cell populations. This more complex description of CDH pathophysiology and the variable timing of surfactant administration postnatally may help to explain why surfactant replacement has not shown a consistent benefit to date

Bronchiolitis

RSV binds to Toll-like receptors on epithelial cells lining the upper and lower airways and initiates a brisk inflammatory response that contributes to epithelial cell injury and reduced surfactant production. Epithelial cell dysfunction, inflammatory cytokines, and epithelial barrier injury lead to alveolar edema and contribute to surfactant abnormalities and respiratory failure in infants with bronchiolitis. The evidence base supporting the widespread use of surfactant for bronchiolitis is insufficient at this time and additional randomized controlled trials are warranted.

Genetic Disorders of the Surfactant System

They are mutations in SP-B, SP-C, and ABCA3.

They present as Neonatal respiratory distress occurring in term and late preterm infants with no other risk factors for respiratory disease

Infants with genetic disorders of the surfactant system are often indistinguishable from late preterm infants with RDS or from term infants with surfactant dysfunction due to neonatal pneumonia. Unless the treating physician is aware of a prenatal diagnosis or family history of one of these genetic disorders, it is understandable that these infants will initially be treated with surfactant due to their clinical presentation. However, there is no evidence base supporting the continued

use of surfactant in these patients